分子状水素と眼科疾患：白内障・ドライアイ・糖尿病網膜症への作用機序と投与経路に関するレビュー
Molecular hydrogen (H₂) is a non-toxic, colorless gas that exerts cytoprotective and reparative effects by reducing oxidative damage, suppressing inflammatory responses, and inhibiting apoptotic cascades. H₂ can be introduced into the body via gas inhalation, hydrogen-rich water (HRW), hydrogen-rich saline (HRS), or endogenous production by intestinal bacteria. A growing body of evidence indicates that H₂ is protective across several ocular conditions, including cataracts, dry eye disease, and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Clinical investigations have been conducted for dry eye disease and corneal endothelial injury. This review consolidates current knowledge on the fundamental properties of H₂, its documented effects across ophthalmic conditions, the range of available administration approaches, and the mechanistic basis for its observed benefits. The authors note that large-scale studies with greater patient numbers are required to establish optimal dosing and delivery modes.
H₂ selectively scavenges reactive oxygen species, particularly hydroxyl radicals, while suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine production and blocking apoptotic signaling cascades, thereby protecting ocular tissues from oxidative and inflammatory injury.
This study combines multiple delivery routes. As a general principle, the most efficient route for routine hydrogen intake is inhalation. Inhalation carries explosion risk (empirical LFL of 10%; high-concentration devices are documented in the Consumer Affairs Agency accident database and are not recommended).
See also:
https://h2-papers.org/en/papers/38004433